What is Spina Bifida?

Spina bifida is a birth defect that affects the spine and spinal cord. It happens when the spinal column does not close all the way during the first months of pregnancy. (CDC)

There are three main types of spina bifida: spina bifida occulta, meningocele, and myelomeningocele. Myelomeningocele is the most severe form.

Spina bifida can cause physical and intellectual disabilities that range from mild to severe. The severity depends on the size and location of the opening in the spine and whether part of the spinal cord and nerves are affected.

How Does Spina Bifida Impact a Child's Development?

Most children with spina bifida have some level of difficulty with movement, sensation, and bodily functions. They may need assistive devices like braces, crutches, or wheelchairs to help them move around. (March of Dimes)

Spina bifida can also cause bowel and bladder problems. Children may need help with going to the bathroom. Some may need a catheter to empty their bladder.

Learning problems are common in children with spina bifida, especially if they have hydrocephalus (extra fluid on the brain). They may have trouble with:

• Paying attention
• Learning and remembering new information
• Understanding how things relate to each other
• Solving problems

Why is Early Intervention Important?

Early intervention services can help babies and toddlers with spina bifida to develop and learn important skills. These services can include:

• Physical therapy to help with movement and strength
• Occupational therapy to help with daily living skills
• Speech therapy to help with talking, understanding, and eating

Starting interventions early can help children reach their full potential. It gives them the best chance to develop physically, intellectually, and socially. (Spina Bifida Association)

What Other Care is Needed?

Children with spina bifida need coordinated and ongoing care from a team of healthcare providers. This may include:

• Regular check-ups with a pediatrician
• Visits to specialists like neurosurgeons, urologists, and orthopedists
• Tests to check for and treat complications

Assistive devices, therapy, and educational support can help children adapt to their unique challenges. With the right care and resources, many people with spina bifida can lead full and active lives.

How Can Families Get Support?

Caring for a child with spina bifida can be overwhelming at times. But families don't have to face it alone. There are many local and national organizations that offer information and support.

The Spina Bifida Association connects families to resources and to each other. Local chapters provide education, advocacy, and support groups.

Remember that self-care is important too. Making time to rest and recharge can help caregivers stay strong and healthy. Seeking support from family, friends, and community can also ease the load.

In Summary

Spina bifida is a complex condition that impacts a child's development in many ways. Early intervention and ongoing care are essential to help children thrive.

With support, children with spina bifida can grow into active, productive adults. Encouraging their abilities, adapting to their challenges, and connecting with others can make the journey easier.